Ihe mgbagwoju anya, dị ka mmụba nke ọchịchọ ike zuru ụwa ọnụ, mgbanwe ọnụahịa mmanụ na nsogbu ihu igwe, akpaliwo ọtụtụ mba ime mgbanwe mgbanwe nke mmepụta na oriri ume. Ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ mba ụwa na-agbalịsi ike ịbụ ndị na-ebute ụzọ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, mana ụzọ mgbanwe mgbanwe nke obere carbon dị iche iche dị iche iche: ụlọ ọrụ Europe na-agbasi mbọ ike na-emepụta ike ikuku nke oke osimiri, fotovoltaic, hydrogen na ume ndị ọzọ na-emegharịghachi, ebe ụlọ ọrụ America na-abawanye. nhazi nke ijide carbon na nchekwa (CCS) na teknụzụ carbon ndị ọzọ na-adịghị mma, na ụzọ dị iche iche ga-emesị gbanwee ghọọ ike na ike nke mgbanwe carbon dị ala. Kemgbe 2022, nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ mba ụwa emeela atụmatụ ọhụrụ dabere na mmụba dị ịrịba ama na ọnụọgụ azụmaahịa nke obere carbon na-enweta na ntinye ego ozugbo na afọ gara aga.
Ịmepụta ume hydrogen abụrụla nkwenye nke nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na mba ụwa.
Ọ bụ isi na mpaghara siri ike nke mgbanwe ike njem, na mmanụ ụgbọ njem dị ọcha na nke dị ala na-aghọ isi ihe na-agbanwe ike. Dị ka isi mmalite dị mkpa nke mgbanwe njem njem, ike hydrogen na-eji nke ọma n'aka ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ mba ụwa.
N'ọnwa Jenụwarị nke afọ a, Total Energy kwupụtara na ọ ga-arụkọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ike mmeghari ohuru nke Masdar na Siemens Energy Company iji wuo ma mepụta ihe ọkụkụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ maka mmanụ ụgbọ elu na Abu Dhabi, na ịkwalite ike azụmahịa nke hydrogen green dị ka. mmanụ decarbonization dị mkpa n'ọdịnihu. N'ọnwa Maachị, Total Energy bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ya na Daimler Trucks Co., Ltd. ijikọ aka wulite usoro njem njem gburugburu ebe obibi maka nnukwu gwongworo nke hydrogen na-akwado ma kwalite decarbonization nke njem ibu okporo ụzọ na EU. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-ezube ịrụ ọrụ ruo ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri hydrogen 150 ozugbo ma ọ bụ na-apụtaghị ìhè na Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg na France site na 2030.
Pan Yanlei, onye isi oche nke Total Energy, kwuru na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị njikere ịmepụta hydrogen green na nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ, na ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ dị njikere iji ego ego nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ mee ka atụmatụ hydrogen na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ dịkwuo ngwa. Otú ọ dị, n'ịtụle ụgwọ ọkụ eletrik, ọganihu mmepe agaghị adị na Europe.
Bp ruru nkwekọrịta na Oman ka ọ bawanye nnukwu ego na Oman, ịzụlite ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ na nkà nka, jikọta ume ọhụrụ na hydrogen green na ndabere nke azụmahịa gas sitere n'okike, na ịkwalite ebumnuche ume carbon dị ala nke Oman. Bp ga-ewukwa oghere hydrogen mepere emepe na Aberdeen, Scotland, ma wuo mmepụta hydrogen na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-agbasawanye, nchekwa na ebe nkesa na usoro atọ.
Arụmọrụ hydrogen akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ kacha ukwuu Shell etinyela na China. Ọrụ a nwere otu n'ime ngwaọrụ mmepụta hydrogen kachasị ukwuu sitere na mmiri electrolyzed n'ụwa, na-enye hydrogen green maka ụgbọ ala mmanụ ụgbọala hydrogen na ngalaba Zhangjiakou n'oge asọmpi olimpik nke Beijing 2022. Shell kwuputara mmekorita ya na GTT France ijikọ aka ịzụlite teknụzụ ọhụrụ nke nwere ike ime njem ụgbọ mmiri mmiri, gụnyere nhazi mbido nke ụgbọ mmiri hydrogen. N'ime usoro mgbanwe ike, ọchịchọ maka hydrogen ga-abawanye, ụlọ ọrụ mbupu aghaghị ịghọta nnukwu njem nke mmiri mmiri mmiri, bụ nke na-enyere aka n'ịmepụta eriri ọkụ ọkụ hydrogen na-asọmpi.
Na United States, Chevron na Iwatani kwupụtara nkwekọrịta ijikọ aka wuo ma wuo ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri hydrogen 30 na California site na 2026. ExxonMobil na-ezube iwu ụlọ ọrụ hydrogen na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na Baytown Refining na Chemical Complex na Texas, ma n'otu oge ahụ wuo otu n'ime ha. nnukwu ọrụ CCS n'ụwa.
Saudi Arabia na Thailand National Petroleum Corporation (PTT) na-akwado ime ka ọ bụrụ ogige hydrogen na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-akwalite ọrụ ike ndị ọzọ dị ọcha.
Ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ mba ụwa emeela ka mmepe nke ike hydrogen dị ngwa ngwa, kwalite ume hydrogen ka ọ bụrụ mpaghara dị mkpa na usoro mgbanwe ume, ma nwee ike iweta mgbanwe mgbanwe ume ọhụrụ.
Ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na Europe na-eme ka nhazi nke ike ọhụrụ na-eme ngwa ngwa
Ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na Europe na-achọsi ike ịmepụta ike ọhụrụ dị ka hydrogen, fotovoltaic na ike ifufe.
Gọọmenti US ewepụtala ebumnuche nke iwulite ike ikuku nke 30 GW site na 2030, na-adọta ndị mmepe gụnyere ndị nnukwu ike Europe isonye na ntinye aka. Total Energy meriri n'ọkwa maka ọrụ ike ikuku nke 3 GW n'ụsọ oké osimiri New Jersey, ma na-ezube ịmalite mmepụta na 2028, ma guzobe njikọ aka iji zụlite ike ikuku na-ese n'elu oke na United States. Bp bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta na Norwegian National Oil Company iji gbanwee South Brooklyn Marine Terminal na New York ka ọ bụrụ ebe ọrụ na nhazi nke ụlọ ọrụ ike ikuku dị n'akụkụ mmiri.
Na Scotland, Total Energy nwetara ikike ịzụlite ọrụ ike ikuku nke dị n'ụsọ mmiri nke nwere ikike nke 2 GW, nke a ga-emepe ya na Green Investment Group (GIG) na Scottish Offshore Wind Power Developer (RIDG). Na bp EnBW meriri n'ọkwa maka ọrụ ike ikuku nke dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Scotland. Ike arụnyere akwadoro bụ 2.9 GW, iji nye ọkụ eletrik dị ọcha maka ihe karịrị nde ezinụlọ 3. Bp na-ezubekwa iji usoro azụmaahịa agbakwunyere na-ebunye ọkụ eletrik dị ọcha nke ikuku ikuku na-emepụta na netwọkụ chaja ụgbọ ala nke ụlọ ọrụ na Scotland. Njikọ aka abụọ ahụ na Shell Scottish Power Company nwetakwara ikike mmepe abụọ maka ọrụ ike ikuku na-ese n'elu mmiri na Scotland, yana ngụkọta ikike nke 5 GW.
N'Eshia, bp ga-akwado Marubeni, onye na-emepụta ikuku nke dị n'akụkụ mmiri Japan, iji sonye na ntinye aka maka ọrụ ike ikuku nke dị na Japan, ma guzobe otu ndị na-emepe ikuku dị n'akụkụ osimiri na Tokyo. Shell ga-akwalite ọrụ ike ikuku nke 1.3 GW na-ese n'elu mmiri na South Korea. Shell nwetakwara Sprng Energy nke India site na ụlọ ọrụ ntinye ego nke mba ofesi nwere, nke bụ otu n'ime ikuku na ike anyanwụ na-eto ngwa ngwa na ndị na-arụ ọrụ na India. Shell kwuru na nnukwu nnweta a kwalitere ya ka ọ bụrụ ọsụ ụzọ maka mgbanwe ike zuru oke.
N'Australia, Shell kwuputara na February 1st na ya emechaala nnweta nke onye na-ere ọkụ ọkụ Australia Powershop, bụ nke gbasaa itinye ego ya na ihe efu na carbon carbon na teknụzụ dị na Australia. Dabere na akụkọ nke nkeji mbụ nke 2022, Shell nwetakwara oke 49% na onye nrụpụta ugbo ikuku Australia Zephyr Energy, ma na-ezube ịmalite azụmaahịa azụmaahịa nwere obere carbon na Australia.
N'ihe gbasara ike anyanwụ, Total Energy nwetara SunPower, ụlọ ọrụ America, maka nde US $ 250 iji gbasaa azụmahịa ikesa ikesa na United States. Na mgbakwunye, Total eguzobela njikọ aka ya na ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ Nippon iji gbasaa azụmahịa ikesa ike anyanwụ na Eshia.
Lightsource bp, njikọ aka nke BP, nwere olile anya imezu nnukwu ọrụ ike anyanwụ nke 1 GW na France site na 2026 site na enyemaka ya. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ga-akwadokwa Kọntaktị Energy, otu n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ọha na eze na New Zealand, na ọtụtụ ọrụ ike anyanwụ na New Zealand.
Net Zero Emission Target na-akwalite mmepe teknụzụ CCUS/CCS
N'adịghị ka ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na Europe, ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ Amerịka na-elekwasị anya na ijide carbon, itinye n'ọrụ na nchekwa (CCUS) na obere ume ọhụrụ dị ka ike anyanwụ na ike ikuku.
Na mmalite nke afọ, ExxonMobil kwere nkwa ibelata ụgbụ carbon carbon nke azụmahịa ya zuru ụwa ọnụ na efu site na 2050, ma na-ezube imefu ngụkọta nke ijeri $ 15 na ntinye ego mgbanwe ike ndụ ndụ n'ime afọ isii na-abịa. Na nkeji mbụ, ExxonMobil ruru mkpebi itinye ego ikpeazụ. A na-eme atụmatụ na ọ ga-etinye ego nde USD 400 iji gbasaa ebe nchekwa carbon ya na Labaki, Wyoming, nke ga-agbakwunye tọn 1.2 nde ọzọ na ikike ijide carbon kwa afọ nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nde tọn asaa.
Chevron tinyere ego na Carbon Clean, ụlọ ọrụ na-elekwasị anya na nkà na ụzụ CCUS, ma kwadokwara ya na Earth Restoration Foundation iji wuo 8,800 acres nke ọhịa carbon sink na Louisiana dị ka ọrụ mbụ carbon offset. Chevron sonyekwara na Global Maritime Decarburization Center (GCMD), wee rụọ ọrụ nke ọma na mmanụ ụgbọala na teknụzụ ijide carbon n'ọdịnihu iji kwalite ụlọ ọrụ mbupu iji nweta ebumnuche efu efu. N'ọnwa Mee, Chevron bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nghọta na Tallas Energy Company iji guzobe njikọ aka iji zụlite --Bayou Bend CCS, ụlọ ọrụ CCS dịpụrụ adịpụ na Texas.
N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, Chevron na ExxonMobil binyere aka n'otu n'otu na ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ala Indonesia (Pertamina) iji nyochaa ohere azụmahịa nke obere carbon na Indonesia.
Mkpokọta nnwale ụlọ ọrụ 3D nke Energy na-egosi usoro ọhụrụ nke iwere carbon dioxide site na mmemme ụlọ ọrụ. Ihe oru ngo a na Dunkirk bu n'obi ichoputa ihe ngwọta teknụzụ na-ejide carbon ma bụrụkwa nzọụkwụ dị mkpa maka nbibi.
CCUS bụ otu n'ime teknụzụ ndị bụ isi iji mesoo mgbanwe ihu igwe zuru ụwa ọnụ yana akụkụ dị mkpa nke ngwọta ihu igwe zuru ụwa ọnụ. Mba dị iche iche n'ụwa niile na-eji teknụzụ a eme ihe ọhụrụ iji mepụta ohere maka mmepe akụ na ụba ume ọhụrụ.
Na mgbakwunye, na 2022, Total Energy gbakwara mbọ na mmanụ ụgbọ elu na-adigide (SAF), na ikpo okwu Normandy amalitela imepụta SAF nke ọma. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-akwadokwa Nippon Oil Company iji mepụta SAF.
Dị ka ụzọ dị mkpa nke mgbanwe carbon dị ala site n'inweta ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ mba ụwa, Total gbakwunyere 4 GW nke ikike ume ọhụrụ site n'inweta American Core Solar. Chevron kwuputara na ọ ga-enweta REG, otu ike mmeghari ohuru, maka ijeri $ 3.15, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nzọ kachasị na ike ọzọ.
Ọnọdụ mba ụwa gbagwojuru anya na ọnọdụ ọrịa na-efe efe akwụsịbeghị ngwa ngwa mgbanwe ike nke nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ mba ụwa. "World Energy Transformation Outlook 2022" na-akọ na mgbanwe ike zuru ụwa ọnụ enweela ọganihu. N'ịbụ ndị na-eche nchegbu nke ọha mmadụ, ndị na-eketa òkè, wdg na nlọghachi na-arịwanye elu na ntinye ego na ume ọhụrụ, mgbanwe ike nke ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ mba ụwa na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu na-eme ka nchekwa dị ogologo oge nke ike na ihe onwunwe.
Oge nzipu: Jul-04-2022